Widening Participation in Higher Education in Ghana and Tanzania

Widening Participation in Higher Education

Adnett, N. (2006). "Student Finance and Widening Participation in the British Isles: Common Problems, Different Solutions". Higher Education Quarterly, 60(4): 296-311.

Adnett, N., & Slack, K. (2007). "Are There Economic Incentives for Non-Traditional Students to Enter HE? The Labour Market as a Barrier to Widening Participation". Higher Education Quarterly, 61(1): 23-36.

Alan, H. (1992). "Widening Participation in Higher Education and People with Disabilities". Personnel Review, 21(6): 19-36.

Allen, L. (2005). "Higher Education in the USA: Student Fees, Financial Aid and Access. Ormskirk, Action on Access.

Allen, W. R., Bonous-Hammarth, M., & Teranishi, R. (Eds.). (2005). Higher Education in a Global Society: Achieving Diversity, Equity and Excellence. Amsterdam, JAI Press.

Angel, C., & Johnson, A. (2000). "Broadening Access to Undergraduate Medical Education". British Medical Journal, 321(7269): 1136-1138.

Archer, L. (2000). Social Class and Access to Higher Education: A Report of Findings from the Social Class and Widening Participation to Higher Education Project. London, University of North London Institute for Policy Studies in Education.

Archer, L., Hutchings, M., & Ross, A. (2003). Higher Education and Social Class: Issues of Exclusion and Inclusion. London, New York .

Atkins, N., May, S., & Marks-Maran, D. (2005). "Widening Participation in Subjects Requiring Data Handling Skills: The MathsAid Project". Journal of Further and Higher Education, 29(4): 353-365.

Baker, P., & Comfort, H. (2004). Responding to Learners' Voices: Resources for Widening Participation and Enabling Transition in FE and HE. Leicester, NIACE.

Baker, S., Brown, B., & Fazey, J. A. (2006). "Individualization in the Widening Participation Debate". London Review of Education, 4(2): 169-182.

Bamber, J., Galloway, V., & Tett, L. (2006). "Widening Participation and Meta-Learning: Risking Less in HE". Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 12(1): 20-33.

Bamber, J., & Tett, L. (1999). "Opening the Doors of Higher Education to Working Class Adults: A Case Study". International Journal of Lifelong Education, 18(6): 465-475.

Baxter, A., Tate, J., & Hatt, S. (2007). "From Policy to Practice: Pupils' Responses to Widening Participation Initiatives". Higher Education Quarterly, 61(3): 266-283.

Bennet, R. (2007). "Advertising Message Strategies for Encouraging Young White Working Class Males to Consider Entering British Universities". Journal of Business Research, 60(9): 932-941.

Bennett, R., & Kottasz, R. (2006). "Widening Participation and Student Expectations of Higher Education". International Journal of Management Education, 5(2): 47-65.

Bibbings, L. S. (2006). "Widening Participation and Higher Education". Journal of Law and Society, 33(1): 74-91.

Blanden, J., & Machin, S. (2004). "Educational Inequality and the Expansion of UK Higher Education". Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 51(2): 230-250.

Bornholt, L., Gientzotis, J., & Cooney, G. (2004). "Understanding Choice Behaviours: Pathways from School to University with Changing Aspirations and Opportunities". Social Psychology of Education, 7: 211-228.

Bourn, J. (2002). Widening Participation in Higher Education in England. London: National Audit Office.

Bowers-Brown, T. (2006). "Widening Participation in Higher Education Amongst Students from Disadvantaged Socio-Economic Groups". Tertiary Education and Management, 12(1): 59-74.

Bridges, D. (2006). "Adaptive Preference, Justice and Identity in the Context of Widening Participation in Higher Education". Ethics and Education, 1(1): 15-28.

Brine, J., & Waller, R. (2004). "Working-class Women on an Access Course: Risk, Opportunity and (Re)constructing Identities". Gender and Education, 16(1): 97-133.

Bunyi, G. W. (2004). "Interventions that Increase Enrolment of Women in African Tertiary Institutions". The African Symposium, An On-line African Educational Research Journal, 4(3).

Burke, J. B., & Johnstone, M. (2004). "Access to Higher Education: The Hope for Democratic Schooling in America". Higher Education in Europe, 24(1): 19-31.

Burke, P. J. (2002). Accessing Education: Effectively Widening Participation. Stoke on Trent, Trentham.

Burke, P. J. (2005). "Access and Widening Participation". British Journal of Sociology of Education, 26(4): 555-562.

Burke, P. J. (2006). "Men Accessing Education: Gendered Aspirations". British Educational Research Journal, 32(5): 791-733.

Burke, P. J. (2007). "Men Accessing Education: Masculinities, Identifications and Widening Participation". British Journal of Sociology of Education, 28(4): 411-424.

Byrom, T., Thomson, P., & Gates, P. (2007). "'My School Has Been Quite Pushy About the Oxbridge Thing': Voice and Choice of Higher Education". Improving Schools, 10(1): 29-40.

Callender, C. (2002). "The Costs of Widening Participation: Contradictions in New Labour's Student Funding Policies". Social Policy & Society, 12: 83-94.

Callender, C., & Jackson, J. (2005). "Does the Fear of Debt Deter Students from Higher Education?" Journal of Social Policy, 34(4): 509-540.

Coates, G., Adnett, N., & Pugh, G. (2001). Performance Indicators and Widening Participation in UK Higher Education. Stoke on Trent, Staffordshire University Business School.

Coffield, F., & Vignoles, A. (1997). "Widening Participation in Higher Education by Ethnic Minorities, Women and Alternative Students". The National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education.

Connor, H. (2001). "Deciding For or Against Participation in Higher Education: The Views of Young People from Lower Social Class Backgrounds". Higher Education Quarterly, 55(2): 204-224.

Cooper, M., & Quinn, J. (2001). Access to Higher Education: The Unfinished Business. An Evaluation for the Millennium. Stoke on Trent, Trentham Books.

Council for Industry and Higher Education (CIHE). (1997). Widening Participation in Lifelong Learning: A Progress Report. London,CIHE.

Cowen, R. (1996). "Last Past the Post: Comparative Education, Modernity and Perhaps Post-Modernity". Comparative Education, 32(2): 151-170.

Cullen, J. (2000). Informal Learning and Widening Participation (No. 191). Norwich, Dept.for Education and Employment.

Committee for Vice-Chancellors and Principals (UK) (CVCP). (2000). From Elitism to Inclusion: Good Practice in Widening Access to Higher Education. Statistical Overview. London, CVCP.

Davies, P. (1996). "Noise Rather than Numbers: Access to Higher Education in Three European Countries". Comparative Education, 32(1): 111-123.

Davis, L. R. (2002). "Racial Diversity in Higher Education: Ingredients for Success and Failure". The Journal of Applied Behavioural Science, 38(2): 137-155.

Dearing, R. S., & Garrick, R. S. (1997). Higher Education in the Learning Society. Hayes, National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education.

Dearnley, C., Dunn, G., & Watson, S. (2006). "An Exploration of On-line Access by Non-traditional Students in Higher Education: A Case Study". Nurse Education Today, 26(5): 409-415.

Dept. for Education and Employment (DfEE). (2000). The Excellence Challenge: The Government's Proposals for Widening the Participation of Young People in Higher Education. DfEE, London, .

Dept. for Education and Skills (DfES). (2003). Widening Participation in Higher Education. London, DfES.

Do, P., Parry, J., Mathers, J & Richardson, M. (2006). "Monitoring the Widening Participation Initiative for Access to Medical School: Are Present Measures Sufficient?" Medical Education, 40(8): 750-758.

Dodgson, R. (2002). "A Collective Approach to Widening HE Participation". Learning and Skills Research, 5(2): 36.

Duggan, K., & Rice, G. (2005). Transition, Induction & Progression Strategies (TIPS): Exploring Learning, Teaching and Widening Participation in Higher Education (Vol. no.01/05). Manchester: Research Institute for Health and Social Change.

Duke, C., & Layer, G. (2005). Widening Participation: Which Way Forward for English Higher Education? Leicester, NIACE.

Elliott, G. (2003). "From Elitism to Inclusion: Why Are We Widening Participation in Higher Education?" Journal of Access Policy and Practice, 1(1): 54-68.

Further Education Funding Council (Great Britain) (FEFC). (1997). Widening Participation in Further Education: Statistical Evidence. London, FEFC.

Forrester-Jones, R., & Hatzidimitriadou, E. (2006). "Learning in the Real World? Exploring Widening Participation Student Views Concerning the Fit Between Knowledge Learnt and Work Practices". Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 31(6): 611-624.

Forsyth, A., & Furlong, A. (2000). Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Access to Higher Education. Bristol, Policy Press for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

Fuller, A., & Paton, K. (2006). Widening Participation in HE: Mapping and Investigating the Stakeholder Landscape - Working Paper. Paper presented at the Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference, Beyond Boundaries: New Horizons for Research into Higher Education, Brighton, 12-14 December.

Galindo-Rueda, F., Marcenaro-Gutierrez, O., & Vignoles, A. (2004). "The Widening Socio-Economic Gap in UK Higher Education". National Institute Economic Review, 190(1): 75-88.

Gallacher, J. (2006). "Widening Access or Differentiation and Stratification in Higher Education in Scotland". Higher Education Quarterly, 60(4): 349-369.

Gillon, E. J., & George, J. (2001). "What Evidence Do We Need? A Case Study of Widening Participation". Journal of Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 3(3): 15-20.

Goddard, G., & Penketh, C. (2007). Students in Transition: Foundation Degree to Honours level 6, a Narrative Journey of Development. Paper presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, Institute of Education, University of London, 5-8 September.

Goodlad, C., & Thompson, V. (2007). Dream Weavers and Dream Catchers: Exploring the Aspirations and Imagined Futures of Students in Transition from Further Education to Higher Education. Paper presented at the 4th Centre for Research in Lifelong Learning International Conference: The Times They Are A-Changing: Researching Transitions in Lifelong Learning, University of Stirling, 22-24 June.

Gorard, S. (2006). "Does Policy Matter in Education?" International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 29(1): 5-21.

Gorard, S. (2007). "Widening Participation: What Works? Adults Learning, 18(7): 12-13.

Gorard, S., & Smith, E. (2004). "An International Comparison of Equity in Education Systems". Comparative Education, 40(1): 15-28.

Gorard, S., & Smith, E. (2006). "Beyond the 'Learning Society': What Have We Learnt from Widening Participation Research?" International Journal of Lifelong Education, 25(6): 575-594.

Gorard, S., & Smith, E. (2007). "Do Barriers Get in the Way? A Review of the Determinants of Post-16 Participation". Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 12(2): 141-158.

Gravelle, M. (2006). "The Widening Participation Agenda: Is it Working?" Race Equality Teaching, 24, 8-13.

Greenbank, P. (2006). "The Evolution of Government Policy on Widening Participation". Higher Education Quarterly, 60(2): 141-166.

Greenbank, P. (2006). "Institutional Admissions Policies in Higher Education: A Widening Participation Perspective". International Journal of Educational Management, 20(4): 249-260.

Greenbank, P. (2006). "Institutional Widening Participation Policy in Higher Education: Dealing with the Issue of Social Class". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 8(1): 27-36.

Greenbank, P. (2006). "Widening Participation in Higher Education: Researching Institutional Responses". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 8(3): 47-51.

Greenbank, P. (2007). "Introducing Widening Participation Policies in Higher Education: The Influence of Institutional Culture". Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 12(2): 209-224.

Gurin, P., Dey, E. L., Hurtado, S., & Gurin, G. (2002). "Diversity and Higher Education: Theory and Impact on Educational Outcomes". Harvard Educational Review, 72(3): 330-366.

Gurin, P., Nagda, B. A., & Lopez, G. E. (2004). "The Benefits of Diversity in Education for Democratic Citizenship". Journal of Social Issues, 60(1): 17-34.

Hale, S. (2006). "Widening Participation, Equalising Opportunity? Higher Education's Mission Impossible". Politics, 26(2): 93-100.

Harman, G. (2005). "Internationalization of Australian Higher Education: A Critical Review of Literature and Research". In P. Ninnes & M. Hellsten (Eds.), Internationalizing Higher Education: Critical Explorations of Pedagogy and Policy . Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre,(pp. 119-140.

Hatt, S., Baxter, A., & Tate, J. (2005). "Who Benefits from Widening Participation? A Study of Targeting in the South West of England". Journal of Further and Higher Education, 29(4): 341-351.

Hatt, S., Hannan, A., Baxter, A., & Harrison, N. (2005). "Opportunity Knocks? The Impact of Bursary Schemes on Students from Low-Income Backgrounds". Studies in Higher Education, 30(4): 373-388.

Hatt, S., & Harley, P. (2005). "Canada - Widening Participation in Rural and Coastal Areas". International Comparators of Widening Participation To and Through Higher Education 2007

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (1994). "Special Initiatives to Encourage Widening Participation: Funded Projects. Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (1995). Access to Higher Education: Students with Special Needs: An HEFCE Report on the 1993-94 Special Initiative to Encourage Widening Participation for Students with Special Needs. Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (1996). Access to Higher Education: Students with Learning Difficulties and Disabilities: A Report on the 1993-94 and 1994-95 HEFCE Special Initiatives to Encourage Widening Participation for Students with Disabilities. Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (1996). Widening Access to Higher Education: A Report . Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (1998). Widening Participation in Higher Education: Funding Proposals. Bristol,Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (1998). Widening Participation: Special Funding Programme 1998-99. Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (2000). Widening Participation: Special Funding Programme, 1999-2000 to 2001-02. Bristol: Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (2001). Strategies for Widening Participation in Higher Education: A Guide to Good Practice, Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (2001). Widening Participation in Higher Education: Funding Decisions for 2001-02 to 2003-04. Bristol, Higher Education Funding Council for England.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (2002). ESF Grants to Support Widening Participation in HE: Proposals for 2003-06. Bristol, HEFCE.

Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE). (2003). Funding for Widening Participation in Higher Education: Responses to Consultation and Funding for 2003-04 to 2005-06. Bristol, HEFCE.

Higton, M. (2006). Vulnerable Learning: Thinking Theologically about Higher Education. Cambridge, Grove Books.

Hill, M., Fergy, S., & Marks Maran, D. (2006). "Widening Participation in Nursing Through Progression Agreements Between a University and Two Further Education Colleges: A Case Study". Journal of Further and Higher Education, 30(3): 255-268.

Hilton, S., & Lewis, K. (2004). "Opening Doors to Medicine: Widening Participation Must Sit Alongside Top Up Fees". British Medical Journal, 328(7455): 1508-1509.

Holland , S. (2003). Access and Widening Participation: A Good Practice Guide. London, English Subject Centre, Royal Holloway, University of London.

Hong, S. (2004). "Access to Higher Education for Disadvantaged Groups in China". Chinese Education and Society, 37(1): 54-71.

Jackson , S. (2002). "Widening Participation for Women in Lifelong Learning and Citizenship". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 4(1): 5-13.

Jary, D. (2002). "To Fee or Not to Fee? Questions About the Recent Past and Future of Widening Participation in UK Higher Education". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 4(3): 2-12.

Jary, D., Jones, R., & Archer, L. (2006). Perspectives and Practice in Widening Participation in the Social Sciences. Birmingham, C-SAP.

Johnson, S. M., & Lollar, X. L. (2002). "Diversity Policy in Higher Education: The Impact of College Students' Exposure to Diversity on Cultural Awareness and Political Participation". Journal of Education Policy, 17(3): 305-320.

Johnstone, D. B. (2007). "Higher Education Finance and Accessibility Project". Retrieved 07 February 2007, from http://www.gse.buffalo.edu/org/IntHigherEdFinance/about.html

Jones, K. (2006). "Valuing Diversity and Widening Participation: The Experiences of Access to Social Work Students in Further and Higher Education". Social Work Education, 25(5): 485-500.

Jones, R., & Thomas, L. (2005). "The 2003 UK Government Higher Education White Paper: A Critical Assessment of its Implications for the Access and Widening Participation Agenda". Journal of Education Policy, 20(5): 615-630.

Jones, S. A. (2004). "Attitudes, Inclusion and Widening Participation: A Model of Interactive Teaching and Leadership". Westminster Studies in Education, 27(2): 157-173.

Jordaan, J. J. (1995). "Affirmative Action: Excellence Versus Equity". Sajhe/Satho, 9(1): 53-64.

Kariwo, M. T. (2007). "Widening Access in Higher Education in Zimbabwe". Higher Education Policy, 20(45-59).

Kettley, N. (2007). "The Past, Present and Future of Widening Participation Research". British Journal of Sociology of Education, 28(3): 333-347.

Khattab, N. (2003). "Explaining Educational Aspirations of Minority Students: The Role of Social Capital and Students' Perceptions". Social Psychology of Education, 6: 283-302.

Konrad, A. M., & Hartmann, L. (2001). "Gender Differences in Attitudes Toward Affirmative Action Programs in Australia: Effects of Beliefs, Interests and Attitudes Toward Women". Sex Roles, 45(5/6): 415-432.

Kwapong, O. (2007). "Widening Access to Tertiary Education for Women in Ghana Through Distance Education". Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 8(4): 65-79.

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Kwesiga, J. (2002). Women's Access to Higher Education in Africa: Uganda's Experience. Kampala, Fountain Series in Gender Studies.

Lall, M., Morley, L., & Gillborn, D. (2003). Widening Participation in Higher Education. Sheffield, Sheffield Hallam University, Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research.

Layer, G. (2005). "Widening Participation - Variations on a Theme". Journal of Access Policy and Practice, 3(1): 70-88.

Leathwood, C., & Hayton, A. (2002). "Educational Inequalities in the United Kingdom: A Critical Analysis of the Discourses and Policies of New Labour". Australian Journal of Education, 46(2): 138-153.

Leathwood, C., & O'Connell, P. (2003). "'It's a Struggle': The Construction of the 'New Student' in Higher Education". Journal of Education Policy, 18(6): 597-615.

Levitas, R. (1999). The Inclusive Society? Social Exclusion and New Labour. London, Macmillan.

Lewis, B. (2002). "Widening Participation in Higher Education: The HEFCE Perspective on Policy and Progress". Higher Education Quarterly, 56(2): 204-219.

Lindström, J. (2006). "Can Only Rich People Study? Youth, Segregated Suburbs and Higher Education: Experience from Sweden ". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 8(2): 6-13.

Littlefair, D., & Noble, M. (2001). Widening Participation in Higher Education Through Raising Aspirations and Achievement: An Initial Analysis and Evaluation of the Meteor Programme. Middlesbrough, University of Teesside Centre for Lifelong Learning.

Liverpool John Moores University. (2003). Aspiration Raising is Enough: The New Myth of Widening Participation? Institutional Barriers to the Wider Participation of Non-Traditional Students in Higher Education. Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University.

LSDA. (2003). Widening Participation in Higher Education. London, Learning and Skills Development Agency.

Lucey, H., Melody, J., & Walkerdine, V. (2003). "Uneasy Hybrids: Psychosocial Aspects of Becoming Educationally Successful for Working-Class Young Women". Gender and Education, 15(3): 286-299.

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Macdonald, C., & Stratta, E. (2001). "From Access to Widening Participation: Responses to the Changing Population in Higher Education in the UK ". Journal of Further and Higher Education, 25(2): 249-258.

Machin, S., & Vignoles, A. (2004). "Educational Inequality: The Widening Socio-Economic Gap". Fiscal Studies, 25(2): 107-128.

Makosana, N. (2001). "Accessing Higher Education in Apartheid South Africa: A Gender Perspective". Jenda: A Journal of Culture and African Women's Studies, 1(1): .

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Martin, S., & Williamson, B. (2002). "Included in Exclusion: Learning, Civil Society and Widening Participation". Journal of Access and Credit Studies, 4(1): 51-62.

McCunnie, T. (2005). "Widening Participation: A Case Study". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 7(1): 37-42.

McHarg, J., Mattick, K., & Knight, L. V. (2007). "Why People Apply to Medical School: Implications for Widening Participation Activities". Medical Education, 41(8): 815-821.

Minter, C. (2001). "Some Flaws in the Common Theory of Widening Participation". Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 6(3): 245-259.

Murphy, M. (2002). Widening Participation in Higher Education: Report to the Scottish Executive. Glasgow, Centre for Research in Lifelong Learning.

Murphy, M., & Fleming, T. (2003). "Partners in Participation: Integrated Approaches to Widening Access to Higher Education". European Journal of Education, 38(1): 25-39.

Naidoo, R. (2000). "The 'Third Way ' to Widening Participation and Maintaining Quality in Higher Education: Lessons from the United Kingdom ". Journal of Educational Enquiry, 1(2): 24-38.

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National Disability Team. (2005). "Inclusion: Focus on Disability and Widening Participation in Higher Education". No. 5. from http://www.inclusion.ac.uk/newslett/newslett.html

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Osborne, M. (2003). "Increasing or Widening Participation in Higher Education? - A European Overview". European Journal of Education, 38(1): 5-24.

Osborne, M. (2003). "Policy and Practice in Widening Participation: A Six Country Comparative Study of Access as Flexibility". Journal of Lifelong Education, 22(1): 43-58.

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Preece, S., & Godfrey, J. (2004). "Academic Literacy Practices and Widening Participation: First Year Undergraduates on an Academic Writing Programme". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 6(1): 6-14.

Pugh, G., Coates, G., & Adnett, N. (2005). "Performance Indicators and Widening Participation in UK Higher Education". Higher Education Quarterly, 59(1): 19-39.

Reay, D. (2003). "A Risky Business? Mature Working-class Women Students and Access to Higher Education. Gender and Education, 15(3): 301-319.

Reay, D., Ball, S., & David, M. (2002). "'It's Taking Me a Long time but I'll Get There in the End': Mature Students on Access Courses and Higher Education Choice". British Educational Research Journal, 28(1): 5-19.

Reay, D., Davies, J., David, M., & Ball, S. (2001). "Choices of Degree or Degrees of Choice? Class, 'Race' and the Higher Education Choice Process". Sociology, 35(4): 855-874.

Redmond, P. (2006). "Outcasts on the Inside: Graduates, Employability and Widening Participation". Tertiary Education and Management, 12(2): 119-135.

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Reynolds, S. (2003). Should There be a New Language of Widening Participation?" Paper presented at the SCUTREA, University of Wales, Bangor.

Rhodes, C., Bill, K., Biscomb, K., Nevill, A., & Bruneau, S. (2002). "Widening Participation in Higher Education: Support at the Further Education/Higher Education Interface and its Impact on the Transition and Progression of Advanced GNVQ Students- a Research Report". Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 54(1): 133-145.

Riddell, S., Tinklin, T., & Wilson, A. (2005). Disabled Students in Higher Education Perspectives on Widening Access and Changing Policy. London, Routledge.

Ridley, A. M. (2007). "Approaches to Learning, Age, Ethnicity and Assessment. Implications for Widening Participation". Psychology Teaching Review, 13(1): 3-13.

Roodhouse, S., & Hemsworth, D. (2003). Widening Participation in the Workplace: A New Agenda for Further and Higher Education. Paper presented at the University Vocational Awards Council, York.

Ryan, A. (2006). "Widening Participation in the Irish Third Level Educational System". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 8(2): 2-4.

Selwyn, N. (2004). "Access Denied? ICT as Widening Participation". Journal of Access Policy and Practice, 1(2): 151-161.

Seyan, K., Greenhalgh, T., & Dorling, D. (2004). "The Standardised Admission Ratio for Measuring Widening Participation in Medical Schools: Analysis of UK Medical Schools Admissions by Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Sex". British Medical Journal, 328(7455): 1545-1546.

Shaw, J., McGuinness, J., & Finn, C. (2006). "To Be All That We Can Be: Counselling as a Widening Participation Intervention". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 8(2): 32-35.

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Slack, K. (2004). "Collaboration with the Community to Widen Participation: 'Partners' without Power or Absent 'Friends'?". Higher Education Quarterly, 58(2/3): 136-150.

Smith, J. (2000). "Reaching Out to the Region. What Works? Evaluating Higher Education Strategies for Widening Participation in the Context of a National Policy Initiative". Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 2(3): 23-31.

Stratta, E., & MacDonald, C. (2001). "From Access to Widening Participation: Responses to the Changing Population in Higher Education in the UK". Journal of Further and Higher Education, 25(2): 249-258.

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