eHALOPH - Halophytes Database

Publication Type	J
Authors	Erkkila, HMJB
Author Full Name	Erkkila, HMJB
Title	Seed banks of grazed and ungrazed Baltic seashore meadows
Source	JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
Language	English
Document Type	Article
Author Keywords	grazing; water level
Keywords Plus	BURIED VIABLE SEEDS; SALT-MARSH COMMUNITIES; SOIL SEED; ABOVEGROUND VEGETATION; EARLY ESTABLISHMENT; SPECIES COMPOSITION; PLANT COMMUNITY; GRASSLAND; GERMINATION; DISTURBANCE
Abstract	The seed banks of three grazed and three ungrazed seashore meadows were studied on the west coast of Finland. 8486 seedlings (mean 13 669 seedlings/m(2)) germinated from cold-treated samples (n = 343; depth = 10 cm). Most seedlings and species were monocots and perennials. The seed bank flora included 54 dicots vs. 28 monocots and 66 perennials vs. 16 annuals. The most abundant species were Juncus gerardii, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, Eleocharis uniglumis, Agrostis stolonifera, Juncus bufonius and Carex nigra, which made up 73 % of the seed bank. Numbers of species and seedlings differed between elevation classes. Species richness was highest in elevation class 50 - 70 cm. The highest seed density occurred in class 20 - 50 cm. A model for size and species composition of the seed bank in relation to elevation is presented. The seed bank was larger and richer in species in the ungrazed than in the grazed sites, but not so in the upper elevations and closest to the open sea. Grazing reduced the size of the seed bank of Agrostis stolonifera, A. capillaris, Calamagrostis stricta, Elymus repens, Juncus bufonius, Limosella aquatica and Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, but increased that of J. gerardii. 32 species germinated only from ungrazed samples and 11 species only from grazed ones. Multivariate classification resulted in nine sample groups. The ordination scatter was best explained by the flooding stress variables, elevation, the distance from the water line and the number of helophyte species in samples. 75 species were found both in the seed bank and in the vegetation, but there was a significant lack of resemblance (in the Mantel test) due to over-representation of some species. Eight species occurring only in the seed bank were mainly annuals or biennials (63 %); those occurring only in the established vegetation (86 species) were mainly perennials (86 %).
Author Address	Turku Univ, Finnish Environm Inst, Satakunta Environm Res Ctr, FIN-28900 Pori, Finland
Reprint Address	Erkkila, HMJB (reprint author), Honkalankatu 2B9, FIN-13210 Hameenlinna, Finland.
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Cited Reference Count	69
Times Cited	12
Total Times Cited Count (WoS, BCI, and CSCD)	12
Publisher	OPULUS PRESS UPPSALA AB
Publisher City	UPPSALA
Publisher Address	BOX 25137, S 752 25 UPPSALA, SWEDEN
ISSN	1100-9233
29-Character Source Abbreviation	J VEG SCI
ISO Source Abbreviation	J. Veg. Sci.
Publication Date	JUN
Year Published	1998
Volume	9
Issue	3
Beginning Page	395
Ending Page	408
Subject Category	14
Document Delivery Number	Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
Unique Article Identifier	Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
Plants associated with this reference	Eleocharis uniglumis Elymus repens