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| Publication Type | J |
| Authors | Cao, R. A., N. Ma, P. Subramanian, N. Talapphet, J. M. Zhang, C. Y. Wang and S. G. You |
| Title | Structural Elucidation and Immunostimulatory Activities of Quinoa Non-starch Polysaccharide Before and After Deproteinization |
| Source | Journal of Polymers and the Environment |
| Language | English |
| Author Keywords | Chenopodium quinoa Non-starch polysaccharide Deproteination Immunostimulation Glycosidic linkage immunomodulatory activity immune-responses macrophages pseudocereals sugars roles cells acids Engineering Polymer Science |
| Abstract | Non-starch polysaccharides derived from natural resources play a significant role in the field of food science and human health due to their extensive distribution in nature and less toxicity. In this order, the immunostimulatory activity of a non-starch polysaccharide (CQNP) from Chenopodium quinoa was examined before and after deproteination in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The chemical composition of CQNP and deproteinated-CQNP (D-CQNP) were spectrometrically analysed that revealed the presence of carbohydrate (22.7 +/- 0.8% and 39.5 +/- 0.8%), protein (41.4 +/- 0.5% and 20.8 +/- 0.5%) and uronic acid (8.7 +/- 0.3% and 6.7 +/- 0.2%). The monosaccharide composition results exposed that CQNP possesses a high amount of arabinose (34.5 +/- 0.3) followed by galactose (26.5 +/- 0.2), glucose (21.9 +/- 0.3), rhamnose (7.0 +/- 0.1), mannose (6.0 +/- 0.1) and xylose (4.2 +/- 0.2). However, after deproteination, a difference was found in the order of the monosaccharide components, with galactose (41.1 +/- 0.5) as a major unit followed by arabinose (34.7 +/- 0.5), rhamnose (10.9 +/- 0.2), glucose (6.6 +/- 0.2), mannose (3.4 +/- 0.2) and xylose (3.2 +/- 0.2). Further, D-CQNP potentially stimulate the RAW 264.7 cells through the production of nitric oxide (NO), upregulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and various pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Moreover, stimulation of RAW 264.7 cells by D-CQNP takes place along the NF-kappa B and the MAPKs signaling pathways through the expression of cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40). This results demonstrate that RAW 264.7 cells are effectively stimulated after removal of the protein content in C. quinoa non-starch polysaccharides, which could be useful for develop a new immunostimulant agent. [GRAPHICS] . |
| Author Address | [Cao, Rong-An; Zhang, JiaMiao; Wang, ChangYuan] Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci, Daqing 163319, Peoples R China. [Cao, Rong-An; Wang, ChangYuan] Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Natl Coarse Cereals Engn Res Ctr, Daqing 163319, Peoples R China. [Ma, Nan; Subramanian, Palanisamy; Talapphet, Natchanok; You, SangGuan] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Marine Food Sci & Technol, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon 210702, South Korea. [Subramanian, Palanisamy; You, SangGuan] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, East Coast Res Inst Life Sci, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon 210702, South Korea. Wang, CY (corresponding author), Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci, Daqing 163319, Peoples R China.; Wang, CY (corresponding author), Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Natl Coarse Cereals Engn Res Ctr, Daqing 163319, Peoples R China.; You, SG (corresponding author), Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Marine Food Sci & Technol, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon 210702, South Korea.; You, SG (corresponding author), Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, East Coast Res Inst Life Sci, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon 210702, South Korea. byndwcy@163.com; umyousg@gwnu.ac.kr |
| ISSN | 1566-2543 |
| ISBN | 1566-2543 |
| 29-Character Source Abbreviation | J. Polym. Environ. |
| Beginning Page | 13 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | 10.1007/s10924-021-02335-8 |
| Unique Article Identifier | WOS:000722824300002 |